Bio-digester technology that converts sewage waste into water and gas is an eco-friendly way to solve the sanitation problem faced by our nation. The technology has been developed by Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and is suitable for Rural and Semi-Urban areas. 

 

The Bio Digester Technology is a clean technology that does no pollute ground water and the effluent in water, CO2 and methane gas.  The effluent water is enriched with minerals that is odorless, colourless and free of pathogens and can be used for gardening or recycled for flushing, It does not require any electricity and the digestion takes place in an anaerobic environment and in  a sealed container due to bacterial activity

 

There is no sedimentation and therefore the tank does not require evacuation at all. As the effluent water is safe it can be used safely where there are no sewerage or drainage systems. Most importantly, the bio digester is to be charged with the bacterial enriched inoculums only once at the time of installation and after that the bacteria will self multiply.  The bacteria can survive minimum 3 months even when the toilets ate not in use and will start multiplying when the toilets are back in use i.e. the Shelf life of bacteria is minimum 3 months therefore the bio digester based bio toilets are well suited for use in schools, colleges where the schools are closed for summer holidays for 2 months or so and will no require inoculums recharging every year especially after every vacation.

 

The human waste will enter the tank from the top and the innoculum inside the tank will start treating the waste. On dry weight basis 90%-95% of the solid waste is reduced. The gaseous effluent (bio-gas) is continuously left off to the atmosphere. Liquid effluent is drained from the side to any surface or soak pit (at a distance of 4 to 5 ft from biodigestor tank) without any environmental hazards. It can also be safely used for landscaping and irrigation purpose.

On dry weight basis 90%-95% of the solid waste is reduced. The gaseous effluent (bio-gas) is continuously left off to the atmosphere. Liquid effluent is drained from the side to any surface or soak pit without any environmental hazards. It can also be safely used for landscaping and irrigation purpose.

 

 ADVANTAGES OF BIO TOILET:

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• Flush and forget technology.

• Do not require any sewage connection

• Less space requires

• Odourless, colourless, pathogen-free effluent.

• One time charging bacteria.

• It digests organic solids in an biological way.

• It prevents human waste and untreated water from contaminating groundwater.

• It offers an alternative to dumping of wastes into rivers, lakes and fields in rural and semi-rural areas where there are no sewage systems.

• The effluent (i.e. the water) can be used as fertilizer for soil, to water plants.

• The effluent is cleaner, more effective and easier to use than a septic tank because it doesn't need to be further cleaned or emptied.

• The effluent is odorless, non obnoxious, colorless as compared to the end products of the toilets being used these days.

• It doesn’t require the work and energy involved in relocating composting toilets every year.